One of Windows 7’s handiest features is the New
menu, which enables you to create a new file without working within an
application. In Windows Explorer (or on the desktop), right-click an
empty part of the folder and then select New. In the submenu that
appears, you’ll see items that create new documents of various file
types, including a folder, shortcut, bitmap image, WordPad document,
text document, compressed folder, and possibly many others, depending
on your system configuration and the applications you have installed.
What
mechanism determines whether a file type appears on the New menu? The
Registry, of course. To see how this works, start the Registry Editor
and open the HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT key. As you’ve seen, most of the extension subkeys have only a Default
setting that’s either blank (if the extension isn’t associated with a
registered file type) or a string that points to the extension’s
associated file type.
However, many of these extension keys also have subkeys, and a few of them have a subkey named ShellNew, in particular. For example, open the .bmp key and you see that it has a subkey named ShellNew.
This subkey is what determines whether a file type appears on the New
menu. Specifically, if the extension is registered with Windows 7 and
it has a ShellNew subkey, the New menu sprouts a command for the associated file type.
The ShellNew subkey always contains a setting that determines how Windows 7 creates the new file. Four settings are possible:
| NullFile | This
setting, the value of which is always set to a null string (“”), tells
Windows 7 to create an empty file of the associated type. Of the file
types that appear on the default New menu, three use the NullFile setting: Text Document (.txt), Bitmap Image (.bmp), and Shortcut (.lnk). |
| Directory | This setting tells Windows 7 to create a folder. The New menu’s Briefcase (see the Briefcase\ShellNew key in the Registry) command uses this setting. |
| Command | This
setting tells Windows 7 to create the new file by executing a specific
command. This command usually invokes an executable file with a few
parameters. Two of the New menu’s commands use this setting: Contact—The .contact\ShellNew key contains the following value for the Command setting: "%ProgramFiles%\Windows Mail\Wab.exe" /CreateContact "%1" Journal Document—In the .jnt\jntfile\ShellNew key, you’ll see the following value for the Command setting: "%ProgramFiles%\Windows Journal\Journal.exe" /n 0
|
| Data | This
setting contains a value, and when Windows 7 creates the new file, it
copies this value into the file. The New menu’s Rich Text Document (.rtf) and Compressed (Zipped) Folder (.zip) commands use this setting. |
Adding File Types to the New Menu
To
make the New menu even more convenient, you can add new file types for
documents you work with regularly. For any file type that’s registered
with Windows 7, you follow a simple three-step process:
1. | Add a ShellNew subkey to the appropriate extension key in HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT.
|
2. | Add one of the four settings discussed in the preceding section (NullFile, Directory, Command, or Data).
|
3. | Type a value for the setting.
|
In most cases, the easiest way to go is to use NullFile to create an empty file.
Deleting File Types from the New Menu
Many
Windows 7 applications (such as Microsoft Office) like to add their
file types to the New menu. If you find that your New menu is getting
overcrowded, you can delete some commands to keep things manageable. To
do this, you need to find the appropriate extension in the Registry and
delete its ShellNew subkey.
Caution
Instead of permanently deleting a ShellNew subkey, you can tread a more cautious path by simply renaming the key (to, for example, ShellNewOld).
This still prevents Windows 7 from adding the item to the New menu, but
it also means that you can restore the item just by restoring the
original key name. Note, however, that some third-party Registry
cleanup programs flag such renamed keys for deletion or restoration.
The better programs—such as Registry Mechanic (www.pctools.com)—enable you to specify keys that the program should ignore.
